Nashat, A., Ibrahim, M., El Backly, R. (2020). DETECTION OF ROOT CANAL ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS IN MANDIBULAR PREMOLARS IN AN EGYPTIAN POPULATION. Alexandria Dental Journal, 45(3), 18-22. doi: 10.21608/adjalexu.2020.122736
Ahmed M. Nashat; Mohamed M. Ibrahim; Rania M. El Backly. "DETECTION OF ROOT CANAL ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS IN MANDIBULAR PREMOLARS IN AN EGYPTIAN POPULATION". Alexandria Dental Journal, 45, 3, 2020, 18-22. doi: 10.21608/adjalexu.2020.122736
Nashat, A., Ibrahim, M., El Backly, R. (2020). 'DETECTION OF ROOT CANAL ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS IN MANDIBULAR PREMOLARS IN AN EGYPTIAN POPULATION', Alexandria Dental Journal, 45(3), pp. 18-22. doi: 10.21608/adjalexu.2020.122736
Nashat, A., Ibrahim, M., El Backly, R. DETECTION OF ROOT CANAL ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS IN MANDIBULAR PREMOLARS IN AN EGYPTIAN POPULATION. Alexandria Dental Journal, 2020; 45(3): 18-22. doi: 10.21608/adjalexu.2020.122736
DETECTION OF ROOT CANAL ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS IN MANDIBULAR PREMOLARS IN AN EGYPTIAN POPULATION
1Instructor at Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University in Alexandria, Egypt.
2Professor Emeritus of Endodontics, Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Egypt.
3Associate Professor of Endodontics, Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Egypt
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Mandibular premolars are some of the most challenging teeth to be treated endodontically, with wide variations in canal anatomy, unexpected morphology, and high incidence of rare configurations. OBJECTIVES: Investigation of root canal anatomical configurations in mandibular premolars in an Egyptian population, and evaluation of Digital Periapical Radiography efficacy in root canal anatomy identification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was approved by the ethical committee at faculty of dentistry, Alexandria University (IRBNO:00010556-IORG0008839). One hundred and eighteen extracted(for periodontal reasons) human mandibular premolars were randomly selected from an Egyptian population at the outpatient clinic of the maxillofacial department in Alexandria University according to selection criteria that ensures the presence of a fully formed root canal system that was neither filled or deteriorated by decay, or restorations, or resorption or cracks. No information regarding age or gender were collected. All samples were mounted in acrylic blocks and scanned by digital periapical radiography from two horizontal angles and then dissected by grinding longitudinally buccolingually till visualizing root canal anatomy highlighted by methylene blue dye. Digital radiographs were analyzed by 5 evaluators who identified the anatomy of each sample according to Vertucci’s classification. Then anatomy displayed by each dissected sample was recorded. Data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: (Type-I) was the most prevalent configuration (76.3%), followed by Type-V (16.9%) and Type-III (5.1%), and only (1.7%) presented 3-Canal configuration. Periapical radiography failed to correctly detect root canal anatomy in 24 teeth (20.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Presence of more than one canal in mandibular premolars is not rare in the Egyptian population, and periapical radiography is not reliable to identify root canal anatomy of mandibular premolars.
Karabucak B, Bunes A, Chehoud C, Kohli MR, Setzer F. Prevalence of apical periodontitis in endodontically treated premolars and molars with untreated canal: a cone-beam computed tomography study. J Endod. 2016; 42:538-41.
Assadian H, Dabbaghi A, Gooran M. Accuracy of CBCT, digital radiography and cross-sectioning for the evaluation of mandibular incisor root canals. Iran Endod J. 2016; 11:106-10.
Lu TY, Yang SF, Pai SF. Complicated root canal morphology of mandibular first premolar in a Chinese population using the cross section method. J Endod. 2006; 32:932-6.
Khedmat S, Assadian H, Saravani AA. Root canal morphology of the mandibular first premolars in an Iranian population using cross-sections and radiography. J Endod. 2010; 36:214-7.
Awawdeh LA, Al‐Qudah AA. Root form and canal morphology of mandibular premolars in a Jordanian population. Int Endod J. 2008; 41:240-8.
Singh S, Pawar M. Root canal morphology of South Asian Indian mandibular premolar teeth. J Endod. 2014; 40:1338-41.
Gupta B, Tiwari B, Raj V, Kashyap B, Chandra S, Dwivedi N. Transparent tooth model: A study of root canal morphology using different reagents. European J Gen Dent. 2014; 3:66.
Michetti J, Maret D, Mallet JP, Diemer F. Validation of cone beam computed tomography as a tool to explore root canal anatomy. J Endod. 2010; 36:1187-90.
Ordinola‐Zapata R, Bramante CM, Versiani MA, Moldauer BI, Topham G, Gutmann JL et al. Comparative accuracy of the Clearing Technique, CBCT and Micro‐CT methods in studying the mesial root canal configuration of mandibular first molars. Int Endod J. 2017; 50:90-6.
Khademi A, Mehdizadeh M, Sanei M, Sadeqnejad H, Khazaei S. Comparative evaluation of root canal morphology of mandibular premolars using clearing and cone beam computed tomography. Dent Res J. 2017; 14:321
Matherne RP, Angelopoulos C, Kulild JC, Tira D. Use of cone-beam computed tomography to identify root canal systems in vitro. J Endod. 2008; 34:87-9.
Domark JD, Hatton JF, Benison RP, Hildebolt CF. An ex vivo comparison of digital radiography and cone-beam and micro computed tomography in the detection of the number of canals in the mesiobuccal roots of maxillary molars. J Endod. 2013; 39:901-5.
Hiebert BM, Abramovitch K, Rice D, Torabinejad M. Prevalence of second mesiobuccal canals in maxillary first molars detected using cone-beam computed tomography, direct occlusal access, and coronal plane grinding. J Endod. 2017; 43:1711-5.
Khosravi Z, Moshfeghi M, Samiei N. Validity and reliability of cone beam computed tomography for assessing mesial root canal type in mandibular first molars. Int J Res 2017; 4:2625-8.
Tolentino E, Amoroso-Silva PA, Alcalde MP, Honório HM, Iwaki LC, Rubira-Bullen IR et al. Accuracy of High-resolution Small-volume Cone-beam Computed Tomography in Detecting Complex Anatomy of the Apical Isthmi: Ex Vivo Analysis. J Endod. 2018; 44:1862-6.
Pedemonte E, Cabrera C, Torres A, Jacobs R, Harnisch A, Ramírez V et al. Root and canal morphology of mandibular premolars using cone-beam computed tomography in a Chilean and Belgian subpopulation: a cross-sectional study. Oral Radiol. 2018; 34:143-50.
Sousa TO, Haiter-Neto F, Nascimento EH, Peroni LV, Freitas DQ, Hassan B. Diagnostic accuracy of periapical radiography and cone-beam computed tomography in identifying root canal configuration of human premolars. J Endod. 2017; 43:1176-9.
Abuabara A, Baratto-Filho F, Aguiar anele J, Leonardi DP, Sousa-Neto MD. Efficacy of clinical and radiological methods to identify second mesiobuccal canals in maxillary first molars. Acta Odontol Scand. 2013; 71:205-9.
Chen J, Li X, Su Y, Zhang D, Wen X, Nie X et al. A micro-computed tomography study of the relationship between radicular grooves and root canal morphology in mandibular first premolars. Clin Oral Invest. 2015; 19:329-34.
Sun Y, Lu TY, Chen YC, Yang SF. The best radiographic method for determining root canal morphology in mandibular first premolars: A study of Chinese descendants in Taiwan. J Dent Scien. 2016; 11:175-81.
Yamaguchi M, Noiri Y, Itoh Y, Komichi S, Yagi K, Uemura R et al. Factors that cause endodontic failures in general practices in Japan. BMC oral health. 2018; 18:70.
Costa FF, Pacheco‐Yanes J, Siqueira Jr JF, Oliveira AC, Gazzaneo I, Amorim CA et al. Association between missed canals and apical periodontitis. Int Endod J. 2019; 52:400-6.
Hess W, Zurcher E. The anatomy of root canals of the teeth of the permanent and deciduous dentitions. JAMA. 1925; 85:2052.
Vertucci F, Seelig A, Gillis R. Root canal morphology of the human maxillary second premolar. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathol. 1974; 38:456-64.
ert S, Bayirli GS. Evaluation of the root canal configurations of the mandibular and maxillary permanent teeth by gender in the Turkish population. J Endod. 2004; 30:391-8.
Daniel WW. Biostatistics: A Foundation for Analysis in the Health Sciences. 6th Ed, New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc; 1995.
Lizama EM, Tiesler V, Chi-Keb JR, Ramírez-Salomón M, Hernández-Mejía A, Cucina A. Root Canal Morphology of the Mandibular First Premolars in a Yucatecan Population Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography: An in vitro Study. Int J Morphol. 2018; 36:1216-21.