EFFECT OF WEAR ON HARDNESS OF 3D PRINTED AND CAD-CAM MILLED RESIN-BASED RESTORATIVE MATERIALS (IN VITRO STUDY)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 conservative dentistry, dentistry, Alexandria university, Alexandria, Egypt

2 Professor of Fixed Prosthodontics, Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

3 Conservative dentistry department,Faculty of Dentistry,Alexandria University

Abstract

Background: Recently introduced permanent fixed dental restorations using milled and 3D printed materials. They must be biocompatible and mechanically strong enough to survive mastication. Currently, no material meets these specifications.
Purpose: To determine how wear affects resin-based restorative materials made by 3D printing and milling.
Materials and Methods: Twenty bar specimens (15 mm x 4 mm x 1.5 mm) were divided into two groups: 3D printed Flexcera Smile Ultra + permanent resin (FSU) (n=10) and milled Brilliant crios (BC) (n=10). All groups underwent finishing using composite polishing kits. Artificial toothbrushing machine wear was tested. A weight loss test measured specimen wear. Vickers hardness tests were used to quantify the surface microhardness of additive manufactured and milled resin specimens and assign a VHN value. Wear and hardness data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test.
Results: All materials exhibited wear reduction following the intervention, whereas Flexcera Smile Ultra+ showed the least and Brilliant Crios the highest. Significant changes in hardness were found between all groups before and after intervention (p < 0.0001). This demonstrates that the intervention reduced hardness in all materials, with varying degrees of change.
Conclusion: Based on their properties, artificial toothbrushing affected each material differently. 3D printed resin had the lowest wear and hardness value. Milled resin had the highest wear and the highest hardness.

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Alexandria Dental Journal
Volume 50, Issue 2
B (Endodontics, Prosthodontics, Fixed prosthodontics, Conservative dentistry, Dental Biomaterials)
August 2025
Pages 202-209

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